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Segmentation settings by General elections and political ideology
In each of the four countries where the study was conducted, respondents were asked to rate their political ideology by sliding a cursor on a scale ranging from "far left" to "far right".
France
- From Septembre 2019 to January 2022: vote in the 1st round of the presidential election in 2017 (23rd April)
- From June 2022: vote in the 1st round of the presidential election in 2022 (10th April)
- Breakdown by vote in the 1st round of the presidential elections, using the three highest-scoring candidates:
- Mélenchon (Jean Luc): far left - left
- Macron (Emmanuel): center left - center - centre right
- Le Pen (Marine): extreme right
Allemagne
- From September 2019 to September 2021: vote in the federal election in 2017 (24th September)
- From October 2021: vote in the federal election in 2021 (26th september)
- Breakdown by vote in the federal elections, using the three highest-scoring parties/candidates:
- SPD: left - social democrat/center left
- CDU/CSU: center right - right
- AFD: extreme right
Royaume-Uni
- From September 2019 to December 2019 : vote in the United Kingdom general election in 2017 (8th June)
- From December 2019 : vote in United Kingdom general election in 2019 (12th December)
- Breakdown by vote in the United Kingdom general elections, using the three highest-scoring parties:
- Labour: far left - left
- Lib-Dems: liberals (social democrat - center/center right)
- Conservatives : right
Etats-Unis
- From September 2019 to November 2020: vote in the presidential election in 2016 (8th November)
- From November 2020: vote in the presidential election in 2020 (3rd November)
- Breakdown by vote in the presidential elections, using the two dominant candidates/parties:
- Clinton (Hilary) or Biden (Joe): Democrat Party (left - center left)
- Trump (Donald): Republican Party (right - extreme right)
For more information about the methodology of the Development Engagement Lab (DEL), please SEE
Information about DEL’s methodology
The Development Engagement Lab (DEL): a quantitative research project
The Development Engagement Lab research project (DEL, 2019-2023) aims to measure and better understand what the general public think about international development issues, and why (and how) they become involved.
The term "development" refers to poverty reduction and development of poor countries but also the Sustainable Development Goals.
The DEL project, which is a second phase of the Aid Attitudes Tracker research project (AAT), will be run over five years. Like the AAT, DEL research will be based principally on quantitative data from opinion polls carried out to measure feelings, opinions, behaviour or expectations of the general public in four countries: France, Germany, the UK and the US.
The results from the DEL project will provide data and information to development actors (development NGOs, Foundations, think tanks, ministries and public institutions) to support the design and delivery of their communication and advocacy.
Focus 2030 is the partner for the DEL project in France. We co-construct the questions and content of the opinion poll, according to the needs of our partners, and then analyse and publish the results. Focus 2030 works with data concerning France specifically but also to produce comparative analysis of France against the other three countries surveyed.
The DEL project, financed by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, is led by Professor Jennifer Hudson of University College London and Professor David Hudson from the University of Birmingham.
There are three different types of polling tools used in the project:
- The Tracker: to measure trends in answers across all four of the DEL countries (France, Germany, the UK and the US). 10 identical questions are put three times a year over five years to a sample of around 2000 respondents, and once a year to a sample of around 6000 respondents.
- The Sandbox: to measure views on specific issues to each one of the four countries. For this survey, there are 30 new questions each time, put twice a year to around 2000 respondents.
- The Panel: finally, to measure views on subjects common to all four countries, this tool contains 60 questions which are put to a panel of around 6000 people once a year.
Methodology
YouGov, which is in charge of conducting the polls, is a opinion polling institute established in 2000 in the UK, with 31 offices in 21 countries (including in France, since November 2011). YouGov has a panel of 5 million people across 28 countries, representing all ages, socio-economic categories and genders. This panel enables a representative sample of national populations for different opinion polls. In France, the panel has 175,000 people.
You can find out more about YouGov here.
Survey methods used by YouGov
YouGov carries out its opinion polls on line, mostly using a system called ‘active sampling’. For each poll, emphasis is on the quality rather than the quantity of respondents.
With this system, restrictions are introduced to ensure that only those people contacted are authorised to participate in the survey. This means that all of the respondents to the survey have been pre-selected by YouGov, from their panel of registered respondents, and only those chosen from the panel can participate.
To represent the French population according to the quota method, YouGov uses socio-demographic data published by the French national statistics bureau, INSEE.
Survey samples for each poll take into account the following categories for respondents:
– age
– gender
– location
– annual income
– level of education
The panel members are recruited from several different channels, such as classic advertising, or through various different websites.
Which respondents take part in DEL surveys?
Various socio-demographic information is recorded for each new panel member.
Respondents have a log-in and password, and can only reply once to each online survey.
Data analysis
Once the survey is complete, the final data are weighted statistically against the national profile of adults aged over 18. The weighting is carried out for age, social class, region, level of education, political votes at recent elections, and political preference.
‘Active sampling’ therefore ensures an accurate and proportional representation in participation in the survey. Combined with statistical weighting, the sample provides representative findings for the whole of the population of the country under study (including those who do not have access to internet).
Presentation of results
Results are presented as a percentage of responses calculated in relation to the representative sample of the adult population in each of the four countries in which DEL surveys are conducted.
For every questions offering a response scale from 0 to 10, responses are presented according to the following groupings: sum of 0 to 3 - sum of 4 to 6 - sum of 7 to 10.
Reimbursement for participation
Respondents earn ‘YouGov points’ each time they take part in a survey. Depending on the size of the survey, taking part in between 10-15 polls will earn around 400 points. 5000 points equal a monetary value of around 56 € (£50). Participants must reach a minimum of 5000 points before being able to claim any kind of reimbursement.
Margin of error
The margin of error for DEL surveys (which involve between 2000 and 6000 respondents) is ± 2%.
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