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Increase of Official Development Assistance in 2022

Published 11 April 2023 in Facts and figures, News

On April 12, 2023, the OECD published the preliminary figures for the amounts allocated by donor countries to Official Development Assistance (ODA) in 2022.

ODA issued by members of the OECD’s Development Assistance Committee (DAC) reached a historical level of USD 204 billion in 2022 or 0.36% of the combined gross national income of DAC countries. This is the highest level ever. Latest intel and analyses.

ODA REACHES A NEW HIGH IN 2022

In 2022, ODA from DAC countries amounted to USD204 billion (about EUR 194 billion at 2022 exchange rates), an increase of 13.6% in real terms over 2021.

However, this increase is largely due to increased spending on refugees in donor countries, which reached USD 29 billion (up from USD 13 billion in 2021), or 14.4% of total DAC member country ODA in 2022, a record high. Excluding these expenditures, total ODA increased by 4.6 percent in real terms compared to 2021, and decreased in twelve countries.

The increase in ODA in 2022 is also driven by the surge in support for Ukraine following its invasion by Russia (7.8% of total ODA, or USD 16 billion, compared to USD 918 million the previous year). On the other hand, while spending to support activities to combat the Covid-19 pandemic has declined by 45% from 2021, it still accounts for 5.5% of total ODA. In comparison, support for sub-Saharan Africa has dropped by 7.8 percent from 2021.

This amount represents 0.36% of the combined gross national income of DAC countries in 2022. Although this ratio had not been reached since 1982, it remains far below the 0.7% GNI/ODA target, which was adopted back in... 1970 by industrialized countries the United Nations.

Only Luxembourg, Norway, Sweden, Germany and Denmark allocate at least 0.7% of their national wealth to international solidarity. However, it should be noted that 26 of the 30 DAC countries (in 2022) have increased their ODA compared to 2021, some of them significantly: Poland and Ireland (+256% and +125%, respectively, due to a sharp increase in the cost of hosting refugees on their territories, but also due to an increase in their contributions to international organizations), or Lithuania (+122%, due to hosting refugees on its territory as well as its support to Ukraine).

Overall, bilaterally channeled ODA increased by 8.5 percent in real terms, while multilateral ODA remained constant. Humanitarian ODA has increased significantly in recent years, but has remained constant in real terms compared to 2021.

An increase in ODA since the adoption of the Sustainable development goals

Since the adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals in 2015, net ODA has increased by 41%. ODA budgets increased steadily between 2013 and 2016, when it first peaked, driven in particular by the influx of refugees into Europe, and the associated in-country refugee costs. In 2017, 2018, and 2019, it decreased due to the decline in refugee-related expenditures. In 2020 and again in 2021 and 2022, ODA reached its highest level on record, driven in part by support in the context of the Covid-19 crisis as well as the war in Ukraine and its consequences for the displaced populations.

France, fourth largest donor country in volume

France’s aid rose by 12.5% in 2022 compared to 2021, totalizing USD 15.876 billion (approximately EUR 15,1 billion), or 0.56% of France’s GNI, in line with the financial trajectory adopted by France in 2018.

According to the OECD, this increase in French aid is mainly due to a large increase in aid to sub-Saharan Africa, as well as the cost of hosting refugees on its territory (which represents 9.4% of French ODA in 2022). France has also allocated 2.9% of its ODA to support Ukraine. In addition, the sharing of vaccine doses in excess of its domestic supply represents 1.7% of the total.

Despite this increase, France is still far from the 0.7% target. While it ranks fourth among donor countries in terms of volume after the United States, Germany and Japan, it has fallen to 10th place in terms of the proportion of its gross national income.

Find out more about the preliminary figures for ODA in 2022.